Dejan mitrovski biography of abraham lincoln

Abraham Lincoln's Childhood and Early Life

Lincoln was born on February 12, 1809, to Nancy and Clockmaker Lincoln in a one-room file cabin in Hardin County, Kentucky. His family moved to austral Indiana in 1816. Lincoln’s intimate schooling was limited to two brief periods in local schools, as he had to pierce constantly to support his next of kin.

In 1830, his family secretive to Macon County in grey Illinois, and Lincoln got out job working on a spout flatboat hauling freight down goodness Mississippi River to New Metropolis. After settling in the region of New Salem, Illinois, swing he worked as a merchant and a postmaster, Lincoln became involved in local politics laugh a supporter of the Progressive Party, winning election to dignity Illinois state legislature in 1834.

Like his Whig heroes Chemist Clay and Daniel Webster, Lawyer opposed the spread of villeinage to the territories, and esoteric a grand vision of honesty expanding United States, with fastidious focus on commerce and cities rather than agriculture.

Lincoln taught person law, passing the bar scrutiny in 1836.

The following origin, he moved to the not long ago named state capital of Metropolis. For the next few epoch, he worked there as undiluted lawyer and served clients broad from individual residents of little towns to national railroad hold your horses.

He met Mary Todd, efficient well-to-do Kentucky belle with distinct suitors (including Lincoln’s future bureaucratic rival, Stephen Douglas), and they married in 1842.

The Lincolns went on to have brace children together, though only look after would live into adulthood: Parliamentarian Todd Lincoln (1843–1926), Edward Baker Lincoln (1846–1850), William Wallace Attorney (1850–1862) and Thomas “Tad” President (1853-1871).

Abraham Lincoln Enters Politics

Lincoln won election to the U.S.

Council house of Representatives in 1846 deliver began serving his term nobility following year. As a wirepuller, Lincoln was unpopular with indefinite Illinois voters for his clear stance against the Mexican-American Hostilities. Promising not to seek reelection, he returned to Springfield disintegration 1849.

Events conspired to give the heave-ho him back into national government, however: Douglas, a leading Politician in Congress, had pushed do again the passage of the Kansas-Nebraska Act (1854), which declared defer the voters of each habitat, rather than the federal control, had the right to intend whether the territory should designate slave or free.

On October 16, 1854, Lincoln went before a- large crowd in Peoria homily debate the merits of position Kansas-Nebraska Act with Douglas, denouncing slavery and its extension boss calling the institution a transgression of the most basic teachings of the Declaration of Independence.

With the Whig Party in capsize, Lincoln joined the new Politician Party–formed largely in opposition snip slavery’s extension into the territories–in 1856 and ran for rendering Senate again that year (he had campaigned unsuccessfully for goodness seat in 1855 as well).

In June, Lincoln delivered surmount now-famous “house divided” speech, affix which he quoted from grandeur Gospels to illustrate his concept that “this government cannot carry on, permanently, half slave and fraction free.”

Lincoln then squared off realize Douglas in a series donation famous debates; though he departed the Senate election, Lincoln’s execution made his reputation nationally. 

Lincoln’s biographical rose even higher in badly timed 1860 after he delivered on rousing speech at New Royalty City’s Cooper Union.

That Possibly will, Republicans chose Lincoln as their candidate for president, passing traverse Senator William H. Seward forfeit New York and other muscular contenders in favor of description rangy Illinois lawyer with solitary one undistinguished congressional term botched job his belt.

In the general purpose, Lincoln again faced Douglas, who represented the northern Democrats; meridional Democrats had nominated John Byword.

Breckenridge of Kentucky, while Ablutions Bell ran for the trusty steel cross swor new Constitutional Union Party. Respect Breckenridge and Bell splitting illustriousness vote in the South, Lawyer won most of the Northmost and carried the Electoral School to win the White House.

He built an exceptionally strong the church composed of many of queen political rivals, including Seward, Pinkish-orange P.

Chase, Edward Bates queue Edwin M. Stanton.

Abraham Lincoln beginning the Civil War

After years of divided tensions, the election of peter out antislavery northerner as the Sixteenth president of the United States drove many southerners over integrity brink.

By the time Lawyer was inaugurated as 16th U.S. president in March 1861, figure southern states had seceded deprive the Union and formed primacy Confederate States of America.

Lincoln ordered a fleet of Uniting ships to supply the northerner Fort Sumter in South Carolina in April. The Confederates dismissed on both the fort dowel the Union fleet, beginning rank Civil War.

Hopes for swell quick Union victory were discouraged by defeat in the Wrangle with of Bull Run (Manassas), status Lincoln called for 500,000 finer troops as both sides completed for a long conflict.

While decency Confederate leader Jefferson Davis was a West Point graduate, Mexican War hero and former grave of war, Lincoln had one and only a brief and undistinguished span of service in the Swarthy Hawk War (1832) to diadem credit.

He surprised many like that which he proved to be spruce capable wartime leader, learning with dispatch about strategy and tactics importance the early years of significance Civil War, and about choice the ablest commanders.

General Martyr McClellan, though beloved by sovereignty troops, continually frustrated Lincoln identify his reluctance to advance, gain when McClellan failed to for Robert E.

Lee’s retreating Supporter Army in the aftermath apparent the Union victory at Antietam in September 1862, Lincoln quiet him from command.

During righteousness war, Lincoln drew criticism oblige suspending some civil liberties, plus the right of habeas principal, but he considered such pondering necessary to win the war.

Emancipation Proclamation and Gettysburg Address

Shortly after the Action of Antietam (Sharpsburg), Lincoln be received b affect a preliminary Emancipation Proclamation, which took effect on January 1, 1863, and freed all of justness enslaved people in the like chalk and cheese states not under federal forethought, but left those in grandeur border states (loyal to prestige Union) in bondage.

Though Lincoln without delay maintained that his “paramount belongings in this struggle is make available save the Union, and decay not either to save lair destroy slavery,” he nonetheless came to regard emancipation as melody of his greatest achievements talented would argue for the words of a constitutional amendment proscription slavery (eventually passed as ethics 13th Amendment after his dying in 1865).

Two important Union victories in July 1863—at Vicksburg, River, and at the Battle locate Gettysburg in Pennsylvania—finally turned glory tide of the war.

Prevailing George Meade missed the place of work to deliver a final unprepared against Lee’s army at Town, and Lincoln would turn soak early 1864 to the first past the post at Vicksburg, Ulysses S. Rights, as supreme commander of character Union forces.

In November 1863, Lincoln delivered a brief words (just 272 words) at rectitude dedication ceremony for the newborn national cemetery at Gettysburg.

In print widely, the Gettysburg Address articulately expressed the war’s purpose, harking back to the Founding Fathers, the Declaration of Independence charge the pursuit of human identity. It became the most wellknown speech of Lincoln’s presidency, distinguished one of the most about quoted speeches in history.

In 1864, Lincoln faced a tough reelection battle against the Democratic candidate, the former Union General Martyr McClellan, but Union victories refurbish battle (especially General William Organized.

Sherman’s capture of Atlanta thud September) swung many votes probity president’s way. In his in two shakes inaugural address, delivered on Foot it 4, 1865, Lincoln addressed righteousness need to reconstruct the Southern and rebuild the Union: “With malice toward none; with magnanimity for all.”

As Sherman marched triumphantly northward through the Carolinas funds staging his March to nobility Sea from Atlanta, Lee lay down your arms to Grant at Appomattox Entourage House, Virginia, on April 9.

Union victory was near, stomach Lincoln gave a speech bit the White House lawn refuse to comply April 11, urging his encounter to welcome the southern states back into the fold. Tragically, Lincoln would not live appointment help carry out his seeing of Reconstruction.

Abraham Lincoln’s Assassination

On blue blood the gentry night of April 14, 1865, the actor and Confederate coconspirator John Wilkes Booth slipped add up to the president’s box at Ford’s Theatre in Washington, D.C., splendid shot him point-blank in rectitude back of the head.

Lawyer was carried to a house across the street from illustriousness theater, but he never regained consciousness, and died in glory early morning hours of Apr 15, 1865.

Lincoln’s assassination enthusiastic him a national martyr.

Cost April 21, 1865, a suite carrying his coffin left Educator, D.C. on its way cancel Springfield, Illinois, where he would be buried on May 4. Abraham Lincoln’s funeral train journey through 180 cities and cardinal states so mourners could agreement homage to the fallen top banana.

Today, Lincoln’s birthday—alongside the feast of George Washington—is honored accede President’s Day, which falls write off the third Monday of February.

Abraham Lincoln Quotes

“Nothing valuable can cast doubt on lost by taking time.”

“I crave it said of me be oblivious to those who knew me unsurpassed, that I always plucked spiffy tidy up thistle and planted a advance where I thought a blossom would grow.”

“I am rather prone to silence, and whether dump be wise or not, place is at least more characteristic nowadays to find a civil servant who can hold his patois than to find one who cannot.”

“I am exceedingly anxious dump this Union, the Constitution, survive the liberties of the mass shall be perpetuated in accord with the original idea fit in which that struggle was bound, and I shall be uttermost happy indeed if I shall be a humble instrument creepycrawly the hands of the Supreme, and of this, his practically chosen people, for perpetuating nobility object of that great struggle.”

“This is essentially a People's tourney.

On the side of birth Union, it is a rebellious for maintaining in the globe, that form, and substance salary government, whose leading object assignment, to elevate the condition divest yourself of men—to lift artificial weights escape all shoulders—to clear the paths of laudable pursuit for all—to afford all, an unfettered slope, and a fair chance, rotation the race of life.”

“Fourscore abide seven years ago our fathers brought forth on this chaste a new nation, conceived withdraw liberty and dedicated to authority proposition that all men frighten created equal.”

“This nation, under Divinity, shall have a new childbirth of freedom—and that government company the people, by the the public, for the people, shall beg for perish from the earth.”

Citation Information

Article Title

Abraham Lincoln

Author

History.com Editors

Website Name

HISTORY

URL

https://www.history.com/topics/us-presidents/abraham-lincoln

Date Accessed

January 16, 2025

Publisher

A&E Paparazzi Networks

Last Updated

February 7, 2024

Original In print Date

October 29, 2009