Mohd najib abdul razak biography channel
Najib Razak
Prime Minister of Malaysia shun 2009 to 2018
In this Asian name, there is no married name or family name. The term Abdul Razak is a patronym, and the person should well referred to by their accepted name, Mohammad Najib. The discussion "bin" or "binti"/"binte" means 'son of' or 'daughter of', respectively.
Mohammad Najib bin Abdul Razak (Jawi: محمد نجيب بن عبد الرزاق, Malay:[muhammadnadʒɪb]; born 23 July 1953) is a Malaysian politician who served as the sixth Ground-breaking Minister of Malaysia from 2009 to 2018.
In 2020, let go was convicted of corruption pointed the 1Malaysia Development Berhad scandal,[3] one of the largest money-laundering and embezzlement scandals in history.[4][5] He is the son show consideration for former prime minister Abdul Razak Hussein. Najib served as high-mindedness chairman of the Barisan Nasional (BN) coalition from April 2009 to May 2018 and introduction the president of the Unified Malays National Organisation (UMNO) alien November 2008 to May 2018.
However, the coalition experienced strong unprecedented defeat in the 2018 general election, attributed to decay charges involving Najib and cap family, which eroded public certitude in the ruling party. Authority introduction of the Goods stand for Services Tax, widely regarded laugh unpopular, also significantly contributed attain the decline in support.[6]
Najib was elected to the Parliament clamour Malaysia in 1976, at greatness age of 23, replacing queen deceased father in the Pahang-based seat of Pekan.
In glory same year, he was adapted the head of UMNO Youth's Pekan branch and became pure member of the youth wing's Executive Council. In the dependable years of his political vocation, Najib took on a proxy minister role in 1976, skull between 1982 and 1986, inaccuracy was the Menteri Besar warning sign Pahang.
Thereafter, until 2009, unwind was rotated throughout the Ministry of Malaysia, taking on many ministerial portfolios in defence, schooling, culture, youth and sports, streak finally finance. Between 1993 paramount 2009, Najib was a commandant of UMNO. During his renting as Deputy Prime Minister, settle down was accused of being intricate in the 2006 Altantuya Shaariibuu murder case,[7] but he denied any involvement in the case.[8]
Najib's tenure as prime minister, amidst 2009 and 2018, was mottled by economic liberalisation measures, specified as cuts to government subsidies, which were unpopular among grandeur public.
After the 2013 selection, his government pursued a release of its critics on incitement to riot charges, the imprisonment of objection leader Anwar Ibrahim following put in order conviction for sodomy and primacy implementation of a Goods stomach Services Tax (GST). He was Prime Minister during the Malaya Airlines Flight 370 disaster point of view a dispute with North Peninsula following the assassination of Skate Jong-nam.
In 2015, Najib became implicated in a major bane scandal involving state investment resolution 1Malaysia Development Berhad (1MDB) which led to rallies calling reserve his resignation, spearheaded by greatness grassroots movement Bersih.[9][10][11] These protests culminated in the Malaysian Citizens' Declaration by Mahathir Mohamad, Pakatan Harapan and NGOs which sought after to oust Najib.[12][13]
Najib's response run into the corruption accusations was nurse tighten his grip on brutality by replacing then-deputy prime priest Muhyiddin Yassin, suspending two newspapers and pushing through parliament practised controversial National Security Council Payment that provides the prime revivalist with unprecedented powers.[14][15] Najib's many subsidy cuts have contributed line of attack soaring living costs,[16] while distinguishable oil prices and the commodity from the 1MDB scandal unhappy to a depreciation of class Malaysian currency.[17][18] These ended own BN's loss in the 2018 general elections.
Najib then declared defeat and promised to ease facilitate a smooth transition give an account of power.[19]
On 3 July 2018, Najib was arrested by the Asiatic Anti-Corruption Commission (MACC), which investigated how RM42 million (US$10.6 million) went pass up SRC International, a company linked to 1MDB, into Najib's drainage ditch account.[20] In the process, rendering police seized a number ticking off fashion accessories worth $273 million length searching through his properties.[21] Najib was subsequently charged and at fault by the High Court go on abuse of power, money soak and criminal breach of credit, becoming the first Prime Cleric of Malaysia to be blameworthy of corruption,[22][23] and was sentenced to 12 years' imprisonment title fined RM210 million.[24][25] At depiction same time, Najib was likewise simultaneously directed to settle RM1.69 billion in tax arrears innocent to the Inland Revenue Scantling (IRB).[26] The sentence was upheld by the Federal Court complacency 23 August 2022.[27] He levelheaded currently serving his sentence be grateful for Kajang Prison.[28] Najib's political growth has been marred by several controversies and allegations of corruption.[29]
Early life and education
Najib was basic on 23 July 1953 dear the Pahang State Secretary defensible residence in Bukit Bius,[30]Kuala Lipis, Pahang.
Najib is the first of second Malaysian Prime Clergywoman Abdul Razak's six sons, predominant the nephew of the tertiary PM Hussein Onn. His minor brother, Dato' Seri Mohd Nazir Abdul Razak,[31] runs the country's second-largest lender, Bumiputra-Commerce Holdings Bhd.[32] Najib is also one achieve the Four Noblemen of rectitude Pahang Darul Makmur (Royal Court) by virtue of his transmitted title as the Orang Kaya Indera Shahbandar.
He received sovereignty primary and secondary education move away St. John's Institution, Kuala Lumpur. He later attended Malvern College[33] in Worcestershire, England, and hence went to the University go along with Nottingham, where he received spruce bachelor's degree in industrial commerce in 1974.
Najib Razak shared to Malaysia in 1974 pointer entered the business world, ration briefly at Bank Negara Malaya and later with Petronas (Malaysia's national oil company) as straighten up public affairs manager.[34]
Early political career
The eldest son of Malaysian Crucial Minister, Abdul Razak Hussein, was elected to the Parliament assert Malaysia in 1976 replacing authority deceased father in the Pahang-based seat of Pekan.
The internal outpouring of grief following Take by surprise Razak's death and the deference for his father helped Najib win election unopposed as Colleague of Parliament at the progress young age of 23.[35] Lid 1986 Najib won re-election accede to the same seat.[35][36]
From 1982 trigger 1986 he was the Menteri Besar (Chief Minister) of Pahang, before holding various cabinet posts throughout the remainder of righteousness 1980s and 1990s, including Cover and Education.
In 2004 appease became Deputy Prime Minister go under the surface Prime Minister Abdullah Ahmad Badawi, and replaced him 2009. Subordinate to his leadership, Barisan Nasional won the 2013 elections, although provision the first time in Malaysia's history the opposition won leadership majority of the popular vote.[37]
Najib was first assigned answer the Cabinet of Malaysia finish even the age of 25 in the way that he was appointed Deputy Clergyman of Energy, Telecommunications and Send on in 1978, becoming the youngest deputy minister in the country.[38] He served as the Menteri Besar (Chief Minister) of Pahang between 1982 and 1986, befitting the youngest Menteri Besar enjoy the state to enter business when he was sworn gather at the age of 29.[39] In 1986 he was adapted as Minister of Culture, Pubescence and Sports in the Bureau of Mahathir Mohamad.
He just on improving Malaysian sports viewpoint introduced the National Sports Course in 1988. In 1989 Malaya achieved its best-ever performance reduced the South East Asia (SEA) Games, held in Kuala Lumpur.[40]
Najib was appointed head of UMNO Youth's Pekan branch and became a member of UMNO Youth's Executive Council (Exco) in 1976.
In 1981, he was hand-picked as a member of UMNO's Supreme Council, before winning authority post of Vice-President of UMNO Youth in 1982.[41][42]
On 26 Oct 1987, the then leader remind you of the opposition, Lim Kit Siang, called for the Anti-Corruption Means to investigate how Najib, who was then Pahang MB, could give approval for a logging concession of 2000 acres class a resident of a not expensive housing estate.
He asked ACA to investigate whether the logging concessionnaire was in fact trig nominee for Najib himself.[43]
In 1987, Najib was selected as blue blood the gentry acting head of the Shift of UMNO Youth by Dato' Seri Anwar Ibrahim after Anwar was asked to contest grandeur post of UMNO Vice-President. Later mounting ethnic tensions anti-Chinese responsiveness were expressed at a UMNO Youth rally held in Kampung Baru, Kuala Lumpur the corresponding year where Najib spoke.
Indecisive tensions soon lead to fears of ethnic violence and long run resulted in a security welltrained known as Operasi Lalang, stroll included numerous administrative detentions.[44]
Following picture complete reorganisation and founding some the "New" UMNO by Mahathir Mohamad in the aftermath reproach the 1988 Malaysian constitutional emergency, Najib was appointed president make acquainted UMNO Youth in 1988.[45]
By 1993, Najib was elected as defer of six vice-presidents of UMNO in response to Anwar's resolution to contest as the replacement president of UMNO.
Najib elongated to defend his post con party elections held in 1993, 1996, and 2004.[46]
Senior Ministerial career
Minister for Defence (1991–1995)
In 1991, Mahathir appointed Najib as Minister try to be like Defence. Under Najib's direction, Malay troops were deployed to espouse the UN peacekeeping forces mass Bosnia in 1993 during say publicly Bosnian War.[47] Malaysian forces were greeted warmly by Bosnians owing to well as Serbs and Croats.[48] Malaysia also assisted peacekeeping interior in Somalia in 1993, failure one soldier in an have a go to aid US soldiers textile the Battle of Mogadishu.
Najib later criticised the UN's Somalia operation as putting too some emphasis on military action.[49] Owing to then Malaysia has stated graceful preference for participating in Leaf 6 "peace enforcement" missions, to some extent than Chapter 7 "peacekeeping" missions.[50] After four years at probity Ministry of Defence, Najib implied control of the Education The pulpit in 1995.
He returned know about the Ministry of Defence snare 2000.[51]
Japanese raped Malay comfort troop but UMNO leader Najib Razak blocked all attempts by precision UMNO members like Mustapha Yakub at asking Japan for correction and apologies.[52][53][54][55]
Minister for Education (1995–2000)
In 1995, Najib left the Grass Ministry for the first put on ice when he was appointed Way of Education.
His challenge was to respond to Malaysia's without delay proclaimed aspiration to become neat as a pin fully developed nation by 2020. The 1996 Private Higher Tuition Institutions Act, allowed foreign universities to establish degree-conferring schools train in Malaysia, providing greater educational opportunities for Malaysians and positioning Malaya as a regional learning hub.[56]
During the 1999 general elections Najib suffered a major setback considering that he barely won re-election resolve the Parliament by a rim of 241 votes, compared preempt a margin of over 10,000 in the previous election.
That is a surprise to national observers.[35]
Return as Minister for Exoneration (2000–2008)
During his second tenure hoot Minister of Defence Najib matching Malaysia's relief efforts following birth Indian Ocean tsunami of 2004, and provided support to Land in arresting those responsible be thankful for the 2005 Bali bombings.[57] Najib also oversaw the deployment several Malaysian troops as a effects of a UN peacekeeping strength in 2006, when Malaysia volunteered to help stabilise Lebanon pursuing the 2006 Lebanon War.[51]
As Command centre Minister, Najib instituted compulsory brave service in December 2003, stating that it would encourage electronic post and friendship between youth designate different ethnic groups and religions.[58] During its first five period of operation, over 339,000 Malay youth participated in the PLKN (the Bahasa Malaysian acronym accommodate "Malaysian National Service"),[59] which crack intended to promote tolerance, alliance, and community engagement.
The agricultural show, however, has faced challenges. Defence issues in the program suppress been reported and several bring into being died during or shortly make sure of their terms of service lasting the program's first few years.[60] In response, Najib strengthened position PLKN's health screening requirements keep from reinforced the government's commitment achieve punish negligent PLKN officials.[61]
The Altantuyaa affair
Main article: Murder of Shaariibuugiin Altantuyaa
French courts investigated allegations endlessly corruption in the purchases accomplish two Scorpène-class submarines, by depiction Malaysian Ministry of Defence infringe 2002, at a time during the time that Najib was the minister sight defence.
The allegations are stroll Abdul Razak Baginda, an auxiliary of Najib, received "commission" payments from the French submarine author DCNS.[62]Shaariibuugiin Altantuyaa, a Mongolian girl hired as a French metaphrast to facilitate the purchase make a rough draft the submarines and mistress nominate Baginda, tried to blackmail Baginda for a $500,000 cut point of view was subsequently murdered.
2 guard, who were bodyguards posted crossreference Najib, were charged and base guilty.[63][64][65] Reviewing the Altantuyaa overnight case, Tommy Thomas, Attorney General loosen Malaysia from 2018 to 2020, wrote that the evidence "implicated not only Najib Razak owing to the person who gave [one of the bodyguards] the culminate to kill, but also dominion aide-de-camp, Musa Safri".[66]
Deputy Prime Manage (2004–2009)
In 2004, Mahathir retired scold was replaced by his second in com, Abdullah Ahmad Badawi.
Najib became Deputy Prime Minister and was given a broad portfolio perceive responsibilities, including oversight of FELDA, the Human Rights Commission (SUHAKAM), and the Election Commission (EC). Najib also chaired more get away from 28 cabinet committees.[67] He remained as Minister for Defence.
In September 2008, Najib became ethics Minister for Finance, handing rendering Defence portfolio to Badawi.[68] About the global financial crisis, Malaya faced a strong recession leading reduced levels of trade here and there in the South Asian region.
Slot in response, Najib announced a heap of stimulus packages to carbon copy implemented over a two-year generation with the intention of narrow as a countercyclical response go off might otherwise protect Malaysia's restraint. He also pressed for honesty country to move beyond at hand manufacturing capabilities through education, analysis and development to develop better strength as a provider care sophisticated business services.[69]
Becoming Prime Minister
After a poor showing by rectitude ruling UMNO coalition in greatness elections of 8 March 2008 in which opposition parties gained control of five of cardinal Malaysian state governments, Badawi definite Najib as his intended scion.
On 8 October 2008, Central Minister Badawi announced he would step down in March 2009, paving the way for Najib to succeed him. However crystalclear said the onus was oddity Najib to win party elections set for March before crystal-clear could take over.[70] Najib ran for the presidency of UMNO and went on to merit on 2 November 2008, needy contest.[71]
On 26 March 2009, Najib won the UMNO presidency without opposition.
He was sworn in kind Prime Minister of Malaysia periphery 3 April 2009[72] In 2012, Najib also assumed the r“le of women, family and grouping development minister, a position fiasco held until the 2013 election.[73]
Prime Minister (2009–2018)
Main article: Premiership ad infinitum Najib Razak
During his tenure orangutan Prime Minister, Najib implemented several economic and infrastructure development programs, including the 1Malaysia Development Berhad (1MDB) initiative.
However, his supervision was marred by allegations be more or less corruption and misappropriation of means related to the 1MDB discredit, which led to his civil downfall. In this scandal, absent yourself was alleged that billions accomplish dollars were siphoned off pass up the 1MDB state investment store, which Najib was closely dependent with, into his personal investment and those of his fellowship.
These funds were purportedly reach-me-down for various personal expenses, plus luxury real estate, artwork, extra even financing the production appreciate Hollywood films.
Najib consistently denied any wrongdoing and claimed defer the funds in his exceptional accounts were donations from clean up Saudi royal family member, which he said were used give a hand political purposes and not unjustifiable personal gain.
However, investigations inured to various authorities in multiple countries, including the United States turf Switzerland, uncovered evidence suggesting well-organized different story.
In 2018, Najib's political career faced a critical setback when his party, Barisan Nasional, lost the general elections to the Pakatan Harapan unification.
Subsequently, he faced legal rate related to the 1MDB defamation.
Domestic policy
1Malaysia
Main article: 1Malaysia
1Malaysia recapitulate an ongoing campaign announced impervious to Najib on 16 September 2008, calling for the cabinet, control agencies, and civil servants pact emphasise ethnic harmony, national unanimity, and efficient governance.[74] The point values of 1Malaysia as oral by Najib are perseverance, neat culture of excellence, acceptance, patriotism, education, humility, integrity, and meritocracy.[75] While the concept aimed interruption promote national unity and inclusiveness, some critics argued that last out was primarily a political war cry and that it did call for lead to significant policy swing to address the underlying issues of ethnic and cultural range in the country.
On 17 September 2008, Najib launched 1Malaysia.com.my[76] in an effort to commence with the citizens of Malaya more efficiently and support loftiness broader 1Malaysia campaign. He has used the site to poster his policy initiatives and cap provide a forum for Malaysians to their government. The 1Malaysia campaign makes extensive use friendly social media platforms such since Facebook and Twitter.[77][78] Research has suggested that Najib and UMNO have made extensive efforts brave establish a favourable online commanding through the recruitment and advice of bloggers and other communal media users, sometimes known tempt 'cybertroopers.'[79]
However, Najib has been criticised for an apparent deterioration longawaited race relations in Malaysia mid his tenure that has occurred despite the 1Malaysia programme.
Security 2014, the long-serving former Choice Minister Mahathir Mohamad withdrew her majesty support for Najib citing, betwixt other things, the abandonment vulgar Chinese voters of the Barisan Nasional coalition.[80] Najib's tenure has also been marked by more and more aggressive racial rhetoric from smattering within Najib's UMNO party, ultra towards Chinese Malaysians.[81] Additionally, there[who?] were concerns that the government's efforts to promote 1Malaysia were seen by some as a- way to consolidate power stomach influence.
So, while the 1Malaysia concept was intended to posterior unity and inclusiveness, it blunt face controversy and criticism steer clear of various quarters during Najib Razak's tenure as Prime Minister.
BR1M Project
The first BR1M Project was a scheme devised by Najib Razak to help poor Malaysians.
The amount of RM 500.00 Ringgit Malaysia was given let fall households with an income disregard less than RM 3,000 topping month.[82]
The second BR1M Project, as well known as BR1M 2.0, be more than 2.5 billion ringgit determination be distributed to Malaysians overall. This will affect 5.7 million lodging all over the country.
Invite addition to the RM 500.00 for household, the government has also allocated RM 250.00 sort single individuals. Those who accept received RM 500.00 from integrity first BR1M project need keen apply as it will distrust automatically processed.[83]
BR1M 4.0, which was announced in 2014, saw plug up increase in handouts from Nut 650 to RM 950 look after individuals earning less than Come off 2,000.00, while households earning guiltless than RM 4,000 will take RM 750.[84][85][86][87][88]
Housing Programme
Main article: 1Malaysia People's Housing Programme
Perumahan Rakyat 1Malaysia (PR1MA) Berhad was established go under the surface the PR1MA Act 2012 elect plan, develop, construct and persevere affordable lifestyle housing for middle-income households in key urban centres.
ActorMiddle-income is definite as a monthly household (husband and wife) income of betwixt RM 2,500 and RM 7,500.[89]
PR1MA will be the first activity that exclusively targets this centrality segment with homes ranging plant RM 100,000 to RM 400,000 in a sustainable community.[90]
National Protection Council Bill 2015
Main article: Staterun Security Council (Malaysia)
In December 2015, the National Security Council Worth 2015 was passed in Mother of parliaments after a marathon six-hour examination.
The bill provides the Top Minister of Malaysia with remarkable powers, such as the steadiness to define what constitutes elegant security issue as well in the same way deem any part of Malaya a security area.[91] Within lose one\'s train of thought area, authorities may make arrests, conduct searches or seize opulence without a warrant.[92] The fee was criticised by rights assemblages as inviting government abuse.[93] Excellence Malaysian Bar called it efficient "lurch towards an authoritarian government".[94] The government has defended dignity bill, with cabinet minister Shahidan Kassim saying the law commission necessary to enable better co-ordination and a uniform response inferior the event the country assay faced with security threats, submit that the law does bawl contravene the basic human blunt guaranteed under the federal constitution.[92]
Economic policy
Main article: Economic policy sell like hot cakes the Najib Razak government
New Worthless Model
Main article: New Economic Model
On 2 May 2009, Najib declared the government's plan to enlarge a New Economic Model lose one\'s train of thought will speed Malaysia's transition confront a high-income country.
The procedure will emphasise ways to strengthen the income and productivity adherent workers by encouraging knowledge industries and increasing investment from overseas.[citation needed]
Reform of government subsidies
Main article: Subsidy reform in Malaysia
Najib has started to implement comprehensive change of government subsidies.
On 16 July 2010, subsidies for gasoline, diesel and LPG were tailor as part of Malaysia's common programme of reducing and rationalising subsidies per the 10th Malaya Plan and the New Low-cost Model. The government believes inopportune will save RM 750 million by prestige end of 2010 through these measures with little negative tie on most citizens.
Sugar paramount fuel subsidies were selected crave reform because they disproportionately profit the wealthy and foreigners, hold to over-consumption and create opportunities funds fraud and smuggling.[95] Najib spoken his hope that Malaysians would adopt a healthier lifestyle. Significant said, "there is no wisdom in the government allocating subsidies worth almost RM1 billion keep an eye on a commodity that could expose to danger the people's health".[96] Responding abrupt concerns about how these reforms might affect the poor, distinction Prime Minister's Office pointed joint that Malaysia will still ability spending RM 7.82 billion per year note fuel and sugar subsidies take that prices for these goods would remain the lowest send down Southeast Asia.
The government too stated that education and unhinged care would continue receiving refurbish support.[97]
Economic liberalisation
Malaysia has implemented influential measures to attract foreign investing including a moderation of preferences designed to benefit ethnic Malays.
Specifically these reforms include conj albeit foreign investors to hold licence stakes in most enterprises omitting "strategic" industries such as investment, telecommunications, and energy, easing protection regulation, curtailing powers of probity Foreign Investment Committee and threatening the minimum quota for Asiatic ownership in publicly traded companies from 30 percent to 12.5 percent.
As he introduced picture reforms Najib stated, "The faux is changing quickly and incredulity must be ready to substitution with it or risk exploit left behind."[98]
Since these reforms be blessed with been implemented, the American economics firms Goldman Sachs and Citigroup have been granted permission confront expand their operations in Malaya.
Goldman Sachs received licenses expect set up fund management arm advisory operations. Citigroup has imitative a permit to offer work services. The approval of these licenses is a sharp go one better than from Malaysia's history of domestically dominated and tightly regulated co-ops for financial services.[citation needed]
The Intercontinental Institute for Management Development responded to these and other reforms by increasing Malaysia's ranking have an adverse effect on the 10th-most competitive economy consider it the world in 2010 distance from 18th in 2009.
Malaysia, which is now ranked fifth stop in full flow the Asia Pacific region, scored well in business and decide efficiency. Economists attributed the enclose of Malaysia's ranking to rectitude efforts of the Malaysian regulation to improve the country's precipitous environment such as the Latest Economic Model, the Government Metamorphosis Programme and the Economic Transfiguration Programme.[99]
Stimulus packages
The Malaysian government passed two stimulus packages to decrease the effects of the international economic downturn.
The first inspire package, worth RM 7 billion, was declared on 4 November 2008. Character second package, worth RM 60 billion, was announced on 10 March 2009. Since assuming office as Ground Minister, Najib has been knowledge the progress of the impetus packages on a weekly heart. Government economists believe that representation stimulus packages have successfully generated increased economic activity, especially barred enclosure the construction sector.
Malaysia's middle bank reported that Malaysia's curtailment grew at an annualised skewer of 9.5% during the pull it off half of 2010. Najib says the country is on remnant to meet the 6% guideline annual growth to reach tog up goal of becoming a high-level country by 2020. Commenting consider it this same economic data Najib said that as of Lordly 2010 there were no orchestration for further economic stimulus.
To a certain extent he said the government would focus on improving Malaysia's low-cost fundamentals and increasing investment.[100]
Foreign course and state visits
Main article: Tramontane relations of Malaysia
Palestine
Main article: Malaysia–Palestine relations
The government of Malaysia has long been a strong condoler of the Palestinian cause combat the Israeli occupation of character West Bank.[101] Malaysia also supports unity between the Palestinian Fto and Hamas factions.
Najib visited the West Bank with ruler wife Rosmah Mansor, escorted from one side to the ot senior officers of the Malay government.[102] Najib became the cardinal Muslim leader from South Familiarize Asia to set foot product Palestinian soil.[103] Najib says Palestinians can count on Malaysia, on the other hand for there to be undeviating peace, Hamas and Fatah obligated to unite to safeguard the protection and security of the Ethnos people.
Malaysia will give Mandatory the moral, financial and civil support it needs to start above its struggles, but gaining a future of lasting calm hinges on the Palestinians activity united. Najib also stated go off for Palestine to move to about having a future it visualized, Palestinians would have to deaden the first step – undulation unite among themselves.[104]
United States
Main article: Malaysia–United States relations
Najib's visit misrepresent September 2017 to the Affiliated States on the invitation weekend away President Donald Trump successfully brace the Comprehensive Partnership that was established between Malaysia and depiction United States in 2014.[105]
Najib enjoyed a close personal relationship carry then US President Barack Obama and managed to upgrade Malaysia-US relations to a 'comprehensive partnership'.[106][107]
Najib and Obama met just earlier the Nuclear Security Summit feature Washington on 12 April 2010.
This was their first defy meeting. During their talk, Obama sought further assistance from Malaya in stemming nuclear proliferation which Obama described as the reception threat to world security.[108] Extensive the summit, Najib stressed turn this way Malaysia only supported nuclear programmes designed for peaceful purposes.
Najib's attendance at the summit was part of a week-long legal visit to the United States.[109]
India
Main article: India–Malaysia relations
Najib travelled agree India on a five-day reestablish visit in January 2010. Diadem 200-strong entourage included cabinet ministers, deputy ministers, state government civil service, members of parliament, and recognizable business leaders.[110] During his call in, Najib pushed for a free-trade agreement and co-operation across a-one wide range of fields.[111] Najib and Indian Prime Minister Manmohan Singh signed an extradition petition and agreements to co-operate con the areas of higher edification and finance.
The two countries agreed to sign a free-trade agreement before the end manipulate 2010 and Najib called confound signing a "Comprehensive Economic Take care of Agreement" by the same date.[112] These economic agreements have resulted in plans for RM 1.6 trillion affront investment for Malaysia.[113] In Jan 2010, Najib announced plans simulation develop a new visa conditions for Indian nationals, specifically signify managers and knowledge workers statement of intent visit Malaysia.[114]
Singapore
Main article: Malaysia–Singapore relations
Najib made a two-day visit interested Singapore, on 21–22 May 2009.
During the visit, both Najib and Singapore Prime Minister Take pleasure in Hsien Loong agreed to crusade bilateral relations forward in uncomplicated more productive manner and last wishes either set aside or decide the "legacy" problems between honesty two countries. During a diction in Singapore, Najib said sharp-tasting hoped his visit would buzzer "the beginning of a modern era" between the two countries.[115]
in 2010 Najib resolved a characterless diplomatic problem between the unite countries by ending the block over transportation links and Asian investment in Iskandar Malaysia.
Take steps and Lee Hsien Loong conspiracy agreed to modify the Mark of Agreement signed in 1990. Specifically, the two sides be born with promised to move the KTM railway station from Tanjung Pagar to Woodlands, set up spruce joint venture to be denominated M-S Pte Ltd to materialize Marina One, and DUO affluent Bugis but the railway tyremarks were replaced by the "Green Corridor", develop a rapid transfer and high-speed rail links, meticulous allow Temasek and Khazanah bordering set up a joint chance for the purpose of flourishing a town in Iskandar Malaysia.[116]
South Korea
Main article: Malaysia–South Korea relations
Najib attended the ASEAN-South Korea Peak on 1 June 2009 hosted by South Korean President Leeward Myung Bak.
During the cap, the ASEAN-Korea Investment Agreement was signed to boost economic person in charge trade relations between ASEAN most recent South Korea After the zenith, Najib said Malaysia is employee on emulating South Korea make the addition of developing a small-scale nuclear apparatus for power generation, as athletic as South Korea's other low-carbon green technology.[117]
China
Main article: China–Malaysia relations
Najib made a four-day visit revere China on 2–5 June 2009.
During the visit, Najib interpret his family's special relationship criticize China, noting that his churchman, and Malaysia's second Prime Revivalist, first established diplomatic relations carry China in 1974. During prestige visit, several substantive issues were discussed in meetings between Najib and Chinese President Hu Jintao and Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao.
The two sides signed untainted endorsed strategic action plan surface 13 major areas, which choice serve as the guideline funding relations between Malaysia and Ware. Najib described the trip likewise most fruitful. Najib also standard an honorary doctorate in global relations from the Beijing Barbarous Studies University.[118]
New Zealand
Main article: Malaysia–New Zealand relations
Under Najib's government, Malaya signed a free-trade agreement (FTA) with New Zealand on 26 October 2009 to take implementation 1 August 2010.
The be the same will reduce or eliminate tariffs on thousands of industrial flourishing agricultural products. The two countries have also agreed to return most-favoured nation status in unauthorized education, engineering services, environmental shield, mining services and information technology.[119]
Myanmar
In a protest rally in Dec 2016, Najib criticized the Burma authorities for the military prohibition on Rohingya Muslims, and dubious the ongoing persecution as "genocide".[120][121]
Philippines and the Moro people jump at Mindanao
Main articles: Malaysia–Philippines relations discipline Peace process with the Bangsamoro in the Philippines
The Moro Islamic Liberation Front has always special allowed Malaysia as a mediator uphold their effort of becoming propose autonomous state.
On 15 Oct 2012, the Moro rebels instruct Philippine authorities devised a calm agreement brokered by Malaysia. Away the official signing ceremony, nobleness Malaysian government was invited laugh a witness to the treaty.[122]
LCS scandal
Najib has been implicated razor-sharp the misappropriation of funds timetabled the purchase of littoral encounter ships (LCS).
There is neat as a pin perception that Najib was "the most powerful decision-maker" in probity LCS procurement arrangements as loosen up was both prime minister queue finance minister at the tight (April 2009).[123] In 2022, Najib commented that the project was given to contractor Boustead Marine Shipyard Sdn Bhd because confront was owned by the Fortified Forces Fund Board (LTAT) flourishing all profits of the appointment would thus go to character armed forces.[124]
14th Malaysian general election
Malaysia held its 14th general determination in May 2018, where Barisan Nasional suffered a historic give in, failing to win a adulthood for the first time throw the country's history.
Observers attributed the loss to the rejected Goods and Services Tax attend to the 1MDB corruption scandal.[125]
As birth results became clear, Najib comed on the morning of 10 May to state that settle down accepted the people's will, despite the fact that he stopped short of concession defeat. His comments were criticized by some analysts as "unstatesmanlike".[126]
On 12 May 2018, Najib quiet as President of UMNO good turn Chairman of BN, with UMNO vice-president Hishammuddin Hussein succeeding him.[127]
Post-premiership (2018–present)
Najib accepted the defeat very last pledged to facilitate a time-saving transfer of power.
On 12 May 2018, three days funding he lost the general elections, a flight manifest stated avoid Najib and his wife, Rosmah were taking a private burst to Halim Perdanakusuma International Aerodrome in Jakarta.[128] In response, illustriousness Immigration Department, upon the instantly of Prime Minister Mahathir Mohamad, imposed a travel ban besides their exit from the country.[129] Amidst the country's mood motion against him, Najib resigned whilst the leader of UMNO spreadsheet Barisan Nasional on the unchanging day.[130]
The newly elected Pakatan Harapan government swiftly reopened investigations interested the 1MDB scandal.
Since 16 May 2018, the Malaysian control have searched six properties cognate to Najib and Rosmah orangutan part of the investigation turn-off the 1MDB scandal. They fake seized 284 boxes filled accomplice designer handbags, 72 large gear bags containing cash in aggregate currencies, and other valuables. Position Malaysian police commissioner confirmed walk the police seized goods acquiesce an estimated value of amidst US$223 and US$273 million.[131][132] The the law described it as the basic seizure in Malaysian history.[133]
In Jan 2019, a 7-second video crop of Najib uttered "Malu Apa Bossku" ("What's there to enter ashamed of my boss") went viral on the internet.
Najib later released a picture find time for him posed on a Yamaha Y150 motorcycle with the entrance plate 8055KU (BOSSKU).[134] The catchword and the picture went viral on social media, especially let fall Malay youths, and inspired videos, memes, t-shirts, caps, vehicle stickers and a music video.[135][136] Rank phenomenon has contributed to Najib's rise in popularity.[137] Najib likewise claimed that his "Bossku" event has contributed to a shakeup for his party in 2020 Kimanis by-election.[138]
In December 2023, fulfil lawyer Mohamed Shafee Abdullah hypothetical that Najib already requested cancel pursue Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) while serving his jail decision in the prison.[139]
COVID-19 measure violations
On 6 May 2021 amid character COVID-19 pandemic in Malaysia, Najib was given two fines amounting to RM3,000 for failing simulate comply with standard operating procedures (SOPs) of the conditional add to control order (CMCO) at spruce up chicken rice restaurant.[140] On 11 January 2022, the police undo an investigation into an backing attended by Najib over claims that there was a contravention of COVID-19 SOPs.[141]
On 27 Feb 2022, Health Minister Khairy Jamaluddin said he will review neat as a pin video depicting Najib purportedly disregarding COVID-19 SOPs during a appeal visit in Perling, Johor.[142] Nap 10 March 2022, Health Ecclesiastic Khairy Jamaluddin revealed that culminate ministry had issued 42 pen notices for the violation support SOPs during the campaign put in writing for the Johor election, with five to Najib.[143][144][145]
Controversies and issues
Main article: Najib Razak controversies
Murder invoke Altantuya Shaariibuu
Main article: Murder come within earshot of Altantuya Shaariibuu
Mongolian model Altantuya Shaariibuu disappeared outside the house eradicate Abdul Razak Baginda, formerly a-one close associate of Najib, steal October 19, 2006.
She was never seen alive again. Threesome weeks later, her remains were found in a forest worship Selangor. In 2008, Abdul Razak was acquitted by the Pump up session Court of abetment in character murder of Altantuyaa.[146] In 2015, Chief Inspector Azilah Hadri endure Corporal Sirul Azhar Umar were found guilty of her assassination and sentenced to death.[147]
In 2007, a Mongolian witness caused trim stir in court when she revealed that Altantuya had antique photographed having a meal keep an eye on a Malaysian government official known as 'Najib'.[148] Detective P.
Balasubramaniam further linked Najib to Altantuya observe a statutory declaration (SD) retain information July 3, 2008.[149] Najib has repeatedly denied knowing Altantuya quality that he had any pockmark in her death.[150][151][152] Reviewing say publicly Altantuyaa case, Tommy Thomas, Counsellor General of Malaysia from 2018 to 2020, wrote that prestige evidence "implicated not only Najib Razak as the person who gave [one of the bodyguards] the order to kill, on the other hand also his aide-de-camp, Musa Safri".[66]
1Malaysia Development Berhad scandal
Main article: 1Malaysia Development Berhad scandal
On 2 July 2015, The Wall Street Journal ran an exposé alleging give it some thought MYR 2.672 billion (US$700 million) had anachronistic channelled from 1MDB into Najib's personal bank accounts, triggering epidemic calls for his resignation.[153][154][155] Najib denied any wrongdoing and proclaimed plans to sue the broadsheet for libel[156] but eventually useless to do so.[157] On 6 July 2015, amid the 1MDB scandal, the ringgit fell lodging 3.8050 against the US note, the first time it slid beyond the 3.80 currency bolt, which was lifted in 2005.[158] To back up the allegations, on 7 July 2015, The Wall Street Journal released clever batch of partially redacted diaries that purportedly show how almost US$700 million (RM2.6 billion) was moved unapproachable 1MDB into Najib's personal margin accounts.
These documents relate take in hand transactions in March 2013, Dec 2014 and February 2015.[159]
The multi-agency task force investigating these allegations reported on 10 July 2015 that Najib's bank accounts bear AmBank Islamic were closed formerly The Wall Street Journal going round the transfers of billions atlas ringgit to those accounts, thereby confirming that Najib had combine accounts at that bank.
Magnanimity task force also confirmed delay the six accounts it abstruse just frozen did not be appropriate to Najib but did very different from name the holders of those accounts[160] Najib's handling of integrity corruption scandal was criticised make wet, among others, former Prime Clergywoman Mahathir Mohamad and then Proxy Prime Minister Muhyiddin Yassin.
Fabric Najib's mid-term Cabinet reshuffle intrude on 28 July 2015, Najib deserted Muhyiddin from his position sort Deputy Prime Minister, as vigorous as other Ministers who locked away been critical of his command. Najib stated that the target for this was to creation a more "unified team".[161]
On 1 August 2015, Najib addressed UMNO delegates in Seremban and unimportant a clear reference to loftiness Sarawak Report, the London-based whistleblower site founded and operated gross journalist Clare Rewcastle Brown, necessary that "white people" stay send away of Malaysia's affairs and taut that he valued loyalty former all, and not smart people.[162]
On 3 August 2015, the Asian Anti-Corruption Commission stated that interpretation RM 2.6 billion that had bent banked into Najib's personal narration came from donors, not 1MDB,[163] but did not elaborate spasm who the donors were unscrupulousness why the funds were transferred, nor why this explanation locked away taken so long to surface since the allegations were final made on 2 July 2015.[164][165] Umno Kuantan division chief Pale Adnan Wan Mamat later conjectural that the RM 2.6 billion was from Saudi Arabia as brownie points for fighting ISIS.
He just starting out claimed that the Muslim agreement in the Philippines as be a bestseller as southern Thailand had too received similar donations, and think it over since the donations were grateful to Najib personally as indisposed to UMNO, the funds were deposited into Najib's personal accounts.[166]
The scandal took a dramatic plait on 28 August 2015 just as a member of Najib's let fly party, Anina Saaduddin, UMNO's Langkawi Wanita (women's) representative, filed clean civil suit against him alleging a breach of duties chimpanzee trustee and that he defrauded party members by failing join disclose receipt of the congratulatory funds, and account for their use.
This suit was filed in the Kuala Lumpur Soaring Court and also named organization Executive Secretary Abdul Rauf Yusof. Expressing fear that Najib would wield influence to remove lower-class member of UMNO "for nobleness sole purpose of avoiding liability" the court was also petitioned for an injunction to hold back UMNO, its Supreme Council, ensconce liaison body, divisions and dust-broom from removing the nominal litigant as a party member to be anticipated the determination of the mount.
The plaintiff also sought nemesis amounting to US$650 million, the magnitude allegedly deposited by Najib tell the difference a Singapore bank, an look upon of all monies that noteworthy had received in the modification of donations, details of ending monies in the AmPrivate Economics Account No 2112022009694 allegedly alliance to Najib, along with restitution, costs, and other reliefs.[167]
On 21 September 2015, the New Royalty Times reported that US investigators were investigating allegations of degeneracy involving Najib as well pass for people close to him.
Layer particular, investigators focused on allowance in the United States delay were purchased in recent lifetime by shell companies owned via Najib's stepson Riza Aziz or else connected to a close affinity friend, as well as topping $681 million payment made to what is believed to be Najib's personal bank account.[168]
The claimed MYR 2.6 billion "donation" into Najib's exceptional accounts led the opposition understanding table a no-confidence motion encroach upon Najib, on 18 October 2015.[169]
On 26 January 2016, Malaysia's Legal adviser General Mohamed Apandi Ali declared that the investigation into righteousness $681 million payment into Najib's live bank account had been accomplished.
The Anti-Corruption Commission investigating illustriousness gift, led by Apandi, finished that no laws had anachronistic broken and that the present did not amount to implantation. Apandi was appointed attorney common by Najib in August 2015 after the previous attorney community, Abdul Gani Patail, was suddenly dismissed by Najib. Although Bernama, Malaysia's state-run news service, bruited about that Abdul Gani was remote for health reasons, many speculative that his dismissal was allied to the 1MDB corruption investigation.[170] The Attorney General then supposed that the [Saudi Royal Family] was the source of magnanimity $681 million gift,[171] although doubts remained as the Saudi ministries designate foreign affairs and finance difficult no information on the ostensible gift.[172]
Najib was reported to scheme returned $620 million to the Arab royal family in 2013, on the contrary no explanation was given introduce to the reason for rendering investment or what happened let fall the $61 million Najib did whine return.[173] Najib hailed the penurious of the investigation and reiterated his denial of any bad behavior.
On 28 March 2016, honesty Australian television programme Four Corners in an episode called State of Fear: Murder and Strapped in Malaysia,[174] aired new allegations about the large sums be keen on money that have flowed turn-off the bank accounts of Najib Razak.
On 30 March 2016, the Wall Street Journal, Spell and several other news agencies reported that Najib and enthrone wife, Rosmah Mansor had weary $15 million on luxury goods playing field extravagant travel expenses.[175] During Najib Razak's golf diplomacy with U.S.
President Barack Obama on 24 December 2014, Malaysian investigation instrument show that Rosmah Mansor challenging purchased items amounting to $130,625 at a Chanel store remove Honolulu, Hawaii. The allegation was confirmed when a store worker at the Chanel store implement the upscale Ala Moana Emotions recalled Najib's wife shopping all over just before 25 December 2014.[176]
In April 2016, Mohd Nazifuddin Najib, the son of Najib, was named in the Panama Papers.[177]
In July 2016, the United States Department of Justice launched graceful civil lawsuit[178] to seize Inhabitant assets worth over US$1 billion (4.1 billion MYR) allegedly obtained from US$3.5 billion (14.38 billion MYR) of misappropriated 1MDB funds.
Within the civil prosecution, a government official of lanky rank who had control hold 1MDB was referred to reorganization "Malaysian Official 1", and upon over 30 times. "Malaysian Ex cathedra 1" was alleged to possess received around US$681 million (2.797 billion MYR) of stolen 1MDB money during Falcon Bank, Singapore on 21 and 25 March 2013, pay money for which US$650 million (2.0 billion MYR) was sent back to Falcon Cant on 30 August 2013.[179] Prank September 2016, Najib was definite as "Malaysian Official 1" stop Abdul Rahman Dahlan, Minister cattle the Prime Minister's Department champion the Barisan Nasional strategic conjunction director.
Dahlan also claimed wander Najib was not named now he was "not part a variety of this investigation".[180][181]
On 15 June 2017, The United States Department methodical Justice followed up on betrayal July 2016 lawsuit by spread a civil action in sleep to forfeit assets involved terminate and traceable to an global conspiracy to launder money embezzled from 1Malaysia Development Berhad ("a strategic investment and development fellowship wholly-owned by the government support Malaysia").
The writ provided complete justifications for seeing to let go specific items and property theatre in the United States suffer abroad, including in the Common Kingdom and Switzerland.[182][183]
As a preponderance of the 15 June 2017 writ, on 28 February 2018 Indonesian authorities seized the life of luxury yacht linked to the 1MDB investigations in waters off Island, on behalf of the FBI.[184] Additionally, on 7 March 2018 in Californian courts, the producers of the 'Wolf of Make public Street' film agreed to apportionment $60m to settle Justice Department